This paper explores the thematic elements present in Maba Manuk Mbur narratives, a prominent oral tradition in Karonese society. The Karonese people, an ethnic group native to the highlands of North Sumatra, Indonesia, have a rich cultural heritage that is reflected in their oral literature. Maba Manuk Mbur, a form of storytelling that often features anthropomorphic animal characters, serves as a vehicle for imparting moral lessons, social values, and cultural norms. This study aims to analyze these narratives to uncover the underlying themes that define Karonese identity and societal values.

The research begins by providing a brief overview of the Karonese people, their geographical setting, and the significance of oral traditions in their culture. Oral narratives like Maba Manuk Mbur play a crucial role in the preservation and transmission of cultural knowledge, particularly in societies with strong oral traditions. These stories are not only a form of entertainment but also serve educational purposes, teaching younger generations about acceptable behavior, community responsibilities, and the consequences of one's actions.

One of the central themes identified in Maba Manuk Mbur narratives is the concept of justice and retribution. These stories often depict a moral universe where good deeds are rewarded, and wrongdoings are punished. This theme is evident in tales where characters, often animals, engage in deceitful or malicious behavior and ultimately face repercussions for their actions. The portrayal of justice in these narratives reinforces the societal expectation of ethical conduct and the belief in a moral order that governs human and animal interactions alike.

Another significant theme is the importance of community and cooperation. The Karonese value social cohesion and collective effort, which is frequently illustrated in Maba Manuk Mbur stories. Characters who exhibit selfishness or refuse to cooperate with others typically encounter difficulties, while those who work together and support one another achieve success and harmony. This emphasis on community underscores the interdependence of individuals within Karonese society and highlights the cultural importance of unity and mutual aid.

The theme of wisdom and cunning also plays a prominent role in these narratives. Many Maba Manuk Mbur stories feature protagonists who rely on their intelligence and resourcefulness to overcome challenges and adversaries. These tales celebrate cleverness and strategic thinking, reflecting the high regard for wisdom in Karonese culture. By showcasing the triumph of the intelligent over the strong or the deceitful, these stories convey the message that wisdom is a valuable and respected trait.

Additionally, the theme of respect for nature and the environment is woven into the fabric of Maba Manuk Mbur narratives. The Karonese have a deep connection to their natural surroundings, and this relationship is mirrored in their storytelling. Animals and natural elements are often personified and play central roles in the narratives, teaching lessons about the balance between humans and nature. These stories promote an ethic of environmental stewardship and respect for all living beings, reflecting the Karonese worldview of harmony with the natural world.